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Shakespeare in Love

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For the theatre adaptation, see Shakespeare in Love (play).
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Shakespeare in Love is a 1998 American romantic period comedy-drama film directed by John Madden, written by Marc Norman and playwright Tom Stoppard, and produced by Harvey Weinstein. It stars Gwyneth Paltrow, Joseph Fiennes, Geoffrey Rush, Colin Firth, Ben Affleck and Judi Dench.

The film depicts an imaginary love affair involving playwright William Shakespeare (Joseph Fiennes) and Viola de Lesseps (Gwyneth Paltrow) while Shakespeare was writing Romeo and Juliet. Several characters are based on historical figures, and many of the characters, lines, and plot devices allude to Shakespeare's plays.

Shakespeare in Love received positive reviews from critics and was a box office success, grossing $289.3 million worldwide and was the ninth highest-grossing film of 1998. The film received numerous accolades, including seven Oscars at the 71st Academy Awards, including Best Picture, Best Actress (Gwyneth Paltrow), Best Supporting Actress (Judi Dench), and Best Original Screenplay.

Plot[]

In 1593 London, William Shakespeare is a sometime player in the Lord Chamberlain's Men and playwright for Philip Henslowe, owner of The Rose Theatre. Suffering from writer's block with a new comedy, Romeo and Ethel, the Pirate's Daughter, Shakespeare attempts to seduce Rosaline, mistress of Richard Burbage, owner of the rival Curtain Theatre, and to convince Burbage to buy the play from Henslowe. Shakespeare receives advice from rival playwright Christopher Marlowe, but is despondent to learn Rosaline is sleeping with Master of the Revels Edmund Tilney. The desperate Henslowe, in debt to ruthless moneylender Fennyman, begins auditions anyway.

Viola de Lesseps, daughter of a wealthy merchant, who has seen Shakespeare's plays at court, disguises herself as a man named Thomas Kent to audition. "He" gains Shakespeare's interest with a speech from Two Gentlemen of Verona, but runs away when Shakespeare questions her. He pursues Kent to Viola's house and leaves a note with her nurse, asking Kent to begin rehearsals at the Rose.

Shakespeare sneaks into a ball at the house, where Viola's parents arrange her betrothal to impoverished aristocrat Lord Wessex. Dancing with Viola, Shakespeare is struck speechless and ejected by Wessex, who threatens to kill him, leading Shakespeare to say that he is Christopher Marlowe. He finds Viola on her balcony, where they confess their mutual attraction before he is discovered by her nurse and flees.

Inspired by Viola, Shakespeare quickly transforms the play into what will become Romeo and Juliet. Rehearsals begin, with "Thomas Kent" as Romeo, the leading tragedian Ned Alleyn as Mercutio, and the stagestruck Fennyman in a small role. Shakespeare discovers Viola's true identity, and they begin a secret affair.

Viola is summoned to court to receive approval for her proposed marriage to Wessex. Shakespeare accompanies her, disguised as her female cousin, and persuades Wessex to wager £50 that a play can capture the true nature of love, the amount Shakespeare requires to buy a share in the Chamberlain's Men. Queen Elizabeth I declares that she will judge the matter.

Burbage learns Shakespeare has seduced Rosaline and cheated him out of payment for the play, and starts a brawl at the Rose with his company. The Rose players repel Burbage and his men and celebrate at the pub, where a drunken Henslowe lets slip to Viola that Shakespeare is married, albeit separated from his wife. News arrives that Marlowe has been murdered, and a guilt-ridden Shakespeare assumes Wessex had Marlowe killed, believing him to be Viola's lover. Viola believes Shakespeare has been murdered but he appears at her church, terrifying Wessex who believes he is a ghost. Viola confesses her love for Shakespeare, but both recognize she cannot escape her duty to marry Wessex.

John Webster, an unpleasant boy who hangs around the theatre, spies on Shakespeare and Viola making love and informs Tilney, who closes the Rose for breaking the ban on women actors. Viola's identity is exposed, leaving them without a stage or lead actor, until Burbage offers his theatre and the heartbroken Shakespeare takes the role of Romeo. Following her wedding, Viola learns the play will be performed that day, and runs away to the Curtain. She overhears that the boy playing Juliet cannot perform, his voice having broken, and Henslowe asks her to replace him. She plays Juliet to Shakespeare's Romeo to an enthralled audience.

Tilney arrives to arrest everyone for indecency due to Viola's presence, but the Queen reveals herself in attendance and restrains him, instead asserting that Kent's resemblance to a woman is “remarkable”. Powerless to end a lawful marriage, she orders Kent to "fetch" Viola to sail with Wessex to the Colony of Virginia. The Queen tells Wessex, who followed Viola to the theatre, that Romeo and Juliet has won the bet for Shakespeare, and has Kent deliver his £50 with instructions to write something "a little more cheerful next time, for Twelfth Night".

Viola and Shakespeare say their goodbyes, and he vows to immortalise her, as he imagines the beginning of Twelfth Night, in character as a castaway disguised as a man after a voyage to a strange land.

Cast[]

  • Gwyneth Paltrow as Viola de Lesseps
  • Joseph Fiennes as William Shakespeare
  • Geoffrey Rush as Philip Henslowe
  • Colin Firth as Lord Wessex
  • Ben Affleck as Ned Alleyn
  • Judi Dench as Queen Elizabeth I
  • Simon Callow as Edmund Tilney
  • Jim Carter as Ralph Bashford
  • Martin Clunes as Richard Burbage
  • Antony Sher as Dr. Moth
  • Imelda Staunton as Nurse
  • Tom Wilkinson as Hugh Fennyman
  • Mark Williams as Wabash
  • Daniel Brocklebank as Sam Gosse
  • Nicholas Le Prevost as Sir Robert de Lesseps
  • Jill Baker as Lady de Lesseps
  • Patrick Barlow as Will Kempe
  • Joe Roberts as John Webster
  • Rupert Everett as Christopher "Kit" Marlowe
  • John Inman as Lady Capulet in play
  • Sandra Reinton as Rosaline
  • Paul Bigley as Peter

Production[]

The original idea for Shakespeare in Love was suggested to screenwriter Marc Norman in the late 1980s by his son Zachary.[4] Norman wrote a draft screenplay which he presented to director Edward Zwick, which attracted Julia Roberts, who agreed to play Viola. However, Zwick disliked Norman's screenplay and hired the playwright Tom Stoppard to improve it (Stoppard's first major success had been with the Shakespeare-themed play Rosencrantz and Guildenstern Are Dead).[5]

The film went into production in 1991 at Universal, with Zwick as director, but although sets and costumes were in construction, Shakespeare had not yet been cast, because Roberts insisted that only Daniel Day-Lewis could play the role. Day-Lewis was uninterested, and when Roberts failed to persuade him, she withdrew from the film, six weeks before shooting was due to begin.[6] The production went into turnaround, and Zwick was unable to persuade other studios to take up the screenplay.[5]

Eventually, Zwick got Miramax interested in the screenplay, but Miramax chose John Madden as director. Miramax boss Harvey Weinstein acted as producer, and persuaded Ben Affleck to take a small role as Ned Alleyn.[7] Kate Winslet was offered the role of Viola after the success of Titanic, but she rejected it to pursue independent films.[8]

Principal photography began on March 2, 1998, and ended on June 10, 1998.[9]

The film was considerably reworked after the first test screenings. The scene with Shakespeare and Viola in the punt was re-shot, to make it more emotional, and some lines were re-recorded to clarify the reasons why Viola had to marry Wessex. The ending was re-shot several times, until Stoppard eventually came up with the idea of Viola suggesting to Shakespeare that their parting could inspire his next play.[10]

Among the locations used in the production were Hatfield House, Hertfordshire (for the fireworks scene), Broughton Castle, Oxfordshire (which played the role of the de Lesseps home), the beach at Holkham in Norfolk, the chapel at Eton College, Berkshire, and the Great Hall of Middle Temple, London.[11]

References to Elizabethan literature[]

Much of the action of the film echoes that of Romeo and Juliet. Will and Viola play out the famous balcony and bedroom scenes; like Juliet, Viola has a witty nurse, and is separated from Will by a gulf of duty (although not the family enmity of the play: the "two households" of Romeo and Juliet are supposedly inspired by the two rival playhouses). In addition, the two lovers are equally "star-crossed" – they are not ultimately destined to be together (since Viola is of rich and socially ambitious merchant stock and is promised to marry Lord Wessex, while Shakespeare himself is poor and already married). There is also a Rosaline, with whom Will is in love at the beginning of the film. There are references to earlier cinematic versions of Shakespeare, such as the balcony scene pastiching the Zeffirelli Romeo and Juliet.[12]

Many other plot devices used in the film are common in Shakespearean comedies and other plays of the Elizabethan era: the Queen disguised as a commoner, the cross-dressing disguises, mistaken identities, the sword fight, the suspicion of adultery, the appearance of a "ghost" (cf. Macbeth), and the "play within a play". According to Douglas Brode, the film deftly portrays many of these devices as though the events depicted were the inspiration for Shakespeare's own use of them in his plays.[13]

Christopher Marlowe is presented in the film as the master playwright whom the characters consider the greatest English dramatist of that time – this is historically accurate, yet also humorous, since the film's audience knows what will eventually happen to Shakespeare's reputation. Marlowe gives Shakespeare a plot for his next play, "Romeo and Ethel the Pirate's Daughter" ("Romeo is Italian...always in and out of love...until he meets...Ethel. The daughter of his enemy! His best friend is killed in a duel by Ethel's brother or something. His name is Mercutio.")[14] Marlowe's Doctor Faustus is quoted repeatedly: "Was this the face that launched a thousand ships/ And burned the topless towers of Ilium?" A reference is also made to Marlowe's final, unfinished play The Massacre at Paris in a scene wherein Marlowe (Rupert Everett) seeks payment for the final act of the play from Richard Burbage (Martin Clunes). Burbage promises the payment the next day, so Marlowe refuses to part with the pages and departs for Deptford, where he is killed.[15][16] The only surviving text of The Massacre at Paris is an undated octavo that is probably too short to represent the complete original play. It has been suggested that it is a memorial reconstruction by the actors who performed the work.[17]

The child John Webster (Joe Roberts) who plays with rats is a reference to the leading figure in the next, Jacobean, generation of playwrights. His plays (The Duchess of Malfi, The White Devil) are known for their 'blood and gore', which is humorously referred to by the child saying that he enjoys Titus Andronicus, and also saying of Romeo and Juliet, when asked his opinion by the Queen, "I liked it when she stabbed herself."[18]

When the clown Will Kempe (Patrick Barlow) says to Shakespeare that he would like to play in a drama, he is told that "they would laugh at Seneca if you played it," a reference to the Roman tragedian renowned for his sombre and bloody plot lines which were a major influence on the development of English tragedy.[19]

Will is shown signing a paper repeatedly, with many relatively illegible signatures visible. This is a reference to the fact that several versions of Shakespeare's signature exist, and in each one he spelled his name differently.[20]

Plot precedents and similarities[]

After the film's release, certain publications, including Private Eye, noted strong similarities between the film and the 1941 novel No Bed for Bacon, by Caryl Brahms and S. J. Simon, which also features Shakespeare falling in love and finding inspiration for his later plays. In a foreword to a subsequent edition of No Bed for Bacon (which traded on the association by declaring itself "A Story of Shakespeare and Lady Viola in Love") Ned Sherrin, Private Eye insider and former writing partner of Brahms', confirmed that he had lent a copy of the novel to Stoppard after he joined the writing team,[21] but that the basic plot of the film had been independently developed by Marc Norman, who was unaware of the earlier work.

The film's plot can claim a tradition in fiction reaching back to Alexandre Duval's "Shakespeare amoureux ou la Piece a l'Etude" (1804), in which Shakespeare falls in love with an actress who is playing Richard III.[22]

The writers of Shakespeare in Love were sued in 1999 by bestselling author Faye Kellerman. She claimed that the plotline was stolen from her 1989 novel The Quality of Mercy, in which Shakespeare romances a Jewish woman who dresses as a man, and attempts to solve a murder. Miramax Films spokesman Andrew Stengel derided the claim, filed in the US District Court six days before the 1999 Academy Awards, as "absurd", and argued that the timing "suggests a publicity stunt".[23][24] An out-of-court settlement was reached, but the sum agreed between the parties indicates that the claim was "unwarranted".[25]

Historical inaccuracies[]

The film is "not constrained by worries about literary or historical accuracy" and includes anachronisms such as a reference to Virginia tobacco plantations, at a time before the Colony of Virginia existed.[26] A leading character is a member of the House of Wessex, which died out soon after 1125. Queen Elizabeth I never entered a public theatre, as she does in the film. Between Romeo and Juliet and Twelfth Night, Shakespeare wrote ten other plays over a period of six years.[27] The biggest historical liberty concerns the central theme of Shakespeare struggling to create the story of Romeo and Juliet as he simply adapted an existing story for theatre. The Italian verse tale The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet had been translated into English by Arthur Brooke in 1562, 32 years before Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet.[28]

Reception[]

Janet Maslin made the film an "NYT Critics' Pick", calling it "pure enchantment". According to Maslin, "Gwyneth Paltrow, in her first great, fully realized starring performance, makes a heroine so breathtaking that she seems utterly plausible as the playwright's guiding light."[26] Roger Ebert, who gave the film four stars out of four, wrote: "The contemporary feel of the humor (like Shakespeare's coffee mug, inscribed 'Souvenir of Stratford-Upon-Avon') makes the movie play like a contest between Masterpiece Theatre and Mel Brooks. Then the movie stirs in a sweet love story, juicy court intrigue, backstage politics and some lovely moments from Romeo and Juliet... Is this a movie or an anthology? I didn't care. I was carried along by the wit, the energy and a surprising sweetness."[14]

Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a 92% approval rating based on 138 critical reviews, with an average rating of 8.3/10. The website's critical consensus states: "Endlessly witty, visually rapturous, and sweetly romantic, Shakespeare in Love is a delightful romantic comedy that succeeds on nearly every level."[29] On Metacritic, the film holds a score of 87 out of 100 based on 33 critical reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".[30]

Shakespeare in Love was among 1999's box office number-one films in the United Kingdom. The U.S. box office reached over $100 million; including the box office from the rest of the world, the film took in over $289 million.[3]

The Sunday Telegraph claimed that the film prompted the revival of the title of Earl of Wessex. Prince Edward was originally to have been titled Duke of Cambridge following his marriage to Sophie Rhys-Jones in 1999, the year after the film's release. However, after watching Shakespeare in Love, he reportedly became attracted to the title of the character played by Colin Firth, and asked his mother Queen Elizabeth II to be given the title of Earl of Wessex instead.[31]

In the wake of sexual abuse allegations against Weinstein, many of the cast and crew began to distance themselves from the producer and his past behavior. Madden, while condemning Weinstein, stated that the producer "craved power and had power and, as we now know, he was using it in ways that are repugnant and should be utterly condemned."[32]

Best Picture Oscar controversy[]

Shakespeare In Love won the Best Picture Oscar at the 71st Academy Awards, controversially beating out critically-favored Saving Private Ryan and becoming the first comedy to win the award since Annie Hall (1977). The Academy's decision was vastly criticized by many for awarding the film over Saving Private Ryan. In recent years, many have considered the film as one of the worst films to win Best Picture.[33][34][35]

Many industry pundits speculated that the film's loss was attributed to the awards campaign led by Weinstein.[36][37] Weinstein was reported to have strong-armed the movie’s talent into participating in an unprecedented blitzkrieg of press.[38] Terry Press, an executive at DreamWorks at the time, stated that Weinstein and Miramax "tried to get everybody to believe that Saving Private Ryan was all in the first 15 minutes.”[39] Mark Gill, an executive at Miramax at the time, claimed that Weinstein had an reliance on relatively cheap publicity. He stated, “this was not saying to the stars, ‘O.K., you can go on a couple of talk shows to open the movie and do a weekend of interviews at a junket and thanks so much for helping,’” Gill said. “That was just ‘Good morning. You’ve got three more months of shaking hands and kissing babies in you.’”[40]

In a poll in 2015, Academy members indicated that, given a second chance, they would award the Oscar for Best Picture to Saving Private Ryan.[41]

Accolades[]

American Film Institute recognition:

  • AFI's 100 Years...100 Passions – #50[42]
Award Category Recipient(s) Outcome
71st Academy Awards[43] Best Picture David Parfitt, Donna Gigliotti, Marc Norman, Harvey Weinstein and Edward Zwick Won
Best Actress Gwyneth Paltrow Won
Best Supporting Actress Judi Dench Won
Best Art Direction Art Direction: Martin Childs; Set Decoration: Jill Quertier Won
Best Costume Design Sandy Powell Won
Best Original Musical or Comedy Score Stephen Warbeck Won
Best Original Screenplay Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Won
Best Director John Madden Nominated
Best Supporting Actor Geoffrey Rush Nominated
Best Cinematography Richard Greatrex Nominated
Best Film Editing David Gamble Nominated
Best Makeup Lisa Westcott and Veronica Brebner Nominated
Best Sound Robin O'Donoghue, Dominic Lester, and Peter Glossop Nominated
52nd British Academy Film Awards[44] BAFTA Award for Best Film Won
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role Judi Dench Won
BAFTA Award for Best Editing David Gamble Won
BAFTA Award for Best Direction John Madden Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role Joseph Fiennes Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role Gwyneth Paltrow Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role Geoffrey Rush Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role Tom Wilkinson Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Cinematography Richard Greatrex Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Original Screenplay Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Makeup and Hair Lisa Westcott Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Sound Robin O'Donoghue, Dominic Lester, Peter Glossop, and John Downer Nominated
Anthony Asquith Award for Film Music Stephen Warbeck Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Costume Design Sandy Powell Nominated
BAFTA Award for Best Production Design Martin Childs Nominated
49th Berlin International Film Festival[45] Golden Bear Nominated
Silver Bear Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Won
Directors Guild of America Awards 1998[46] Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures John Madden Nominated
56th Golden Globe Awards[47] Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Won
Golden Globe Award for Best Actress – Motion Picture Musical or Comedy Gwyneth Paltrow Won
Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Won
Golden Globe Award for Best Director John Madden Nominated
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture Geoffrey Rush Nominated
Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture Judi Dench Nominated
5th Screen Actors Guild Awards[48] Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture Ben Affleck, Simon Callow, Jim Carter, Martin Clunes, Judi Dench, Joseph Fiennes, Colin Firth, Gwyneth Paltrow, Geoffrey Rush, Antony Sher, Imelda Staunton, Tom Wilkinson and Mark Williams Won
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Leading Role Joseph Fiennes Nominated
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Leading Role Gwyneth Paltrow Won
Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Supporting Role Geoffrey Rush Nominated
Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role Judi Dench Nominated
Writers Guild of America Awards 1998[49] Best Original Screenplay Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Won
1998 New York Film Critics Circle Awards[50] Best Screenplay Marc Norman and Tom Stoppard Won

In 2005, the Writers Guild of America ranked its script the 28th greatest ever written.[51]

Stage adaptation[]

Main article(s): Shakespeare in Love (play)

In November 2011, Variety reported that Disney Theatrical Productions intended to produce a stage version of the film in London with Sonia Friedman Productions.[52] The production was officially announced in November 2013.[53] Based on the film screenplay by Norman and Stoppard, it was adapted for the stage by Lee Hall. The production was directed by Declan Donnellan and designed by Nick Ormerod, the joint founders of Cheek by Jowl.

The production opened at the Noël Coward Theatre in London's West End on 23 July 2014, receiving rave reviews from critics. It was called "A joyous celebration of theatre" in the Daily Telegraph,[54] "Joyous" in The Independent,[55] and "A love letter to theatre" in The Guardian.[56]

References[]

  1. ↑ "SHAKESPEARE IN LOVE (15)". British Board of Film Classification. 11 January 1999. https://bbfc.co.uk/releases/shakespeare-love-1970-5. Retrieved 18 November 2014.
  2. ↑ "Shakespeare in Love (1998)". BFI. http://explore.bfi.org.uk/4ce2b7bedd3ab.
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "Shakespeare in Love (1998)". Box Office Mojo. IMDb. Retrieved 19 February 2012.
  4. ↑ Avon Calling, Chicago Tribune http://articles.chicagotribune.com/1998-12-23/features/9812230314_1_romeo-and-ethel-shakespeare-marc-norman
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Peter Biskind, "Down and Dirty Pictures: Miramax, Sundance and the Rise of Independent Film" (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004), p. 327.
  6. ↑ Mell, Eila (2004). Casting might-have-beens : a film by film directory of actors considered for roles given to others. Jefferson, NC: McFarland. p. 216. ISBN 978-0-7864-2017-9.
  7. ↑ Peter Biskind, "Down and Dirty Pictures: Miramax, Sundance and the Rise of Independent Film" (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004), pp. 328–30.
  8. ↑ "Kate Winslet: One woman Hollywood can't ignore" (in en). 29 September 2006. https://ew.com/article/2006/09/29/kate-winslet-one-woman-hollywood-cant-ignore/.
  9. ↑ "Shakespeare in Love (1998) - Misc Notes". http://www.tcm.turner.com/tcmdb/title/332144/Shakespeare-in-Love/misc-notes.html. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  10. ↑ Peter Biskind, "Down and Dirty Pictures: Miramax, Sundance and the Rise of Independent Film" (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2004), pp. 330–31.
  11. ↑ movie-locations.com
  12. ↑ French, Emma, Selling Shakespeare to Hollywood: Marketing of Filmed Shakespeare Adaptations from 1989 Into the New Millennium, University of Hertfordshire Press, 2006, p. 153.
  13. ↑ Douglas Brode, Shakespeare in the movies: from the silent era to today, Berkley Boulevard Books, 2001, p. 240.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Ebert, Roger (25 December 1998). "Shakespeare in Love". Chicago Sun-Times. http://rogerebert.suntimes.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/19981225/REVIEWS/812250306/1023. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
  15. ↑ Ebert, Roger (2007). Roger Ebert's four-star reviews, 1967–2007. Kansas City, MO: Andrews McMeel. p. 698. ISBN 978-0740771798.
  16. ↑ Bevington, David (2008). "Christopher Marlowe: the late years". In Logan, Robert; Deats, Sara Munson (eds.). Placing the Plays of Christopher Marlowe: Fresh Cultural Contexts. Aldershot, England. p. 209. ISBN 978-0-7546-6204-4.
  17. ↑ Probes, Christine McCall (2008). "Senses, signs, symbols and theological allusion in Marlowe's The Massacre at Paris". In Deats, Sara Munson; Logan, Robert A. (eds.). Placing the plays of Christopher Marlowe: Fresh Cultural Contexts. Aldershot, England: Ashgate. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-7546-6204-4.
  18. ↑ Burt, Richard (2002). Shakespeare After Mass Media. London: Macmillan. p. 306. ISBN 978-0-312-29454-0.
  19. ↑ Lucas, Frank Laurence (2010) [first published 1922]. Seneca and Elizabethan Tragedy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 110. doi:10.1017/CBO9780511703003. hdl:2027/mdp.39015010828906. ISBN 978-0511703003 – via Cambridge Core.
  20. ↑ Mabillard, Amanda (20 July 2011). "Playing Fast and Loose with Shakespeare's Name – how did Shakespeare spell his own name anyway?". http://www.shakespeare-online.com/biography/shakespearename.html.
  21. ↑ "Closed government", 6 February 1999. 
  22. ↑ Portillo, Rafael; Salvador, Mercedes (2003). Pujante, Ángel-Luis; Hoenselaars, Ton (eds.). Four Hundred Years of Shakespeare in Europe. Newark, DE: University of Delaware Press. p. 182. ISBN 0-87413-812-4.
  23. ↑ "Novelist sues Shakespeare makers", BBC News, 23 March 1999. Retrieved on 30 June 2008. 
  24. ↑ "Writer sues makers of 'Shakespeare in Love'", CNN, 23 March 1999. Retrieved on 30 June 2008. 
  25. ↑ Demastes, William W . (2012). The Cambridge introduction to Tom Stoppard. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 154. ISBN 978-1107021952.
  26. ↑ 26.0 26.1 Maslin, Janet (11 December 1998). "Shakespeare Saw a Therapist?". The New York Times. https://movies.nytimes.com/movie/review?res=9B05E4D9103AF932A25751C1A96E958260. Retrieved 16 February 2012.
  27. ↑ "Complete list of Shakespeare's plays, by date". Open Source Shakespeare. http://www.opensourceshakespeare.org/views/plays/plays_date.php.
  28. ↑ "A.R.T. – American Repertory Theater". http://www.americanrepertorytheater.org/inside/articles/articles-vol4-i3-how-romeus-became-romeot.
  29. ↑ "Shakespeare in Love (1998)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. https://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/shakespeare_in_love/. Retrieved 13 July 2019.
  30. ↑ "Shakespeare in Love Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. https://www.metacritic.com/movie/shakespeare-in-love. Retrieved 27 February 2018.
  31. ↑ Richard Eden. "Royal wedding: Prince William asks the Queen not to make him a duke", The Telegraph, 12 December 2010. Retrieved on 12 December 2010. 
  32. ↑ "'Shakespeare in Love' Director on Harvey Weinstein: "It's About an Abuse of Power"" (in en). https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/shakespeare-love-director-harvey-weinstein-an-abuse-power-1049015.
  33. ↑ Susman, Gary (February 20, 2013). "Oscar Robbery: 10 Controversial Best Picture Races". Time. http://entertainment.time.com/2013/02/20/oscar-robbery-10-controversial-best-picture-races/slide/1999-saving-private-ryan-vs-shakespeare-in-love/. Retrieved May 21, 2015.
  34. ↑ Hyman, Nick (February 22, 2011). "The Least Deserving Best Picture Winners Since 1990". https://www.metacritic.com/feature/least-deserving-oscar-winners-and-snubs. Retrieved May 21, 2015.
  35. ↑ Dockterman, Eliana. "The 12 Most Controversial Best Picture Oscar Winners of All Time" (in en-us). https://time.com/4239180/oscars-best-picture-controversy/.
  36. ↑ Keegan, Rebecca. "Shakespeare in Love and Harvey Weinstein’s Dark Oscar Victory" (in en). https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/12/shakespeare-in-love-and-harvey-weinsteins-dark-oscar-victory.
  37. ↑ Weinstein, Harvey; Weinstein, Harvey (2017-02-26). "Harvey Weinstein On Oscar Races & The Truth Behind ‘Shakespeare In Love’ Vs ‘Saving Private Ryan’" (in en). https://deadline.com/2017/02/harvey-weinstein-oscar-lion-shakespeare-in-love-saving-private-ryan-warren-beatty-1201999291/.
  38. ↑ Keegan, Rebecca. "Shakespeare in Love and Harvey Weinstein’s Dark Oscar Victory" (in en). https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/12/shakespeare-in-love-and-harvey-weinsteins-dark-oscar-victory.
  39. ↑ Keegan, Rebecca. "Shakespeare in Love and Harvey Weinstein’s Dark Oscar Victory" (in en). https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/12/shakespeare-in-love-and-harvey-weinsteins-dark-oscar-victory.
  40. ↑ Keegan, Rebecca. "Shakespeare in Love and Harvey Weinstein’s Dark Oscar Victory" (in en). https://www.vanityfair.com/hollywood/2017/12/shakespeare-in-love-and-harvey-weinsteins-dark-oscar-victory.
  41. ↑ "Recount! Oscar Voters Today Would Make 'Brokeback Mountain' Best Picture Over 'Crash'" (in en). https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/recount-oscar-voters-today-would-773522.
  42. ↑ "AFI's 100 Years... 100 Passions" (web). http://www.afi.com/100years/passions.aspx. Retrieved 30 March 2012.
  43. ↑ "The 71st Academy Awards (1999) Nominees and Winners". Oscars.org. http://www.oscars.org/awards/academyawards/legacy/ceremony/71st-winners.html. Retrieved 19 November 2011.
  44. ↑ "BAFTA Awards: Film in 1999". 1999. http://awards.bafta.org/award/1999/film.
  45. ↑ "Berlinale: 1999 Prize Winners". Berlinale.de. http://www.berlinale.de/en/archiv/jahresarchive/1999/03_preistr_ger_1999/03_Preistraeger_1999.html. Retrieved 4 February 2012.
  46. ↑ "51st Annual DGA Awards: Winners and Nominees". http://www.dga.org/Awards/History/1990s/1998.aspx.
  47. ↑ "Winners & Nominees: Shakespeare in Love". http://www.goldenglobes.com/film/shakespeare-love.
  48. ↑ "The 5th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards: Nominees and Recipients". 1999. http://www.sagawards.org/awards/nominees-and-recipients/5th-annual-screen-actors-guild-awards.
  49. ↑ "WGA Awards: Previous Nominees and Winners". 1999. http://awards.wga.org/wga-awards/previous-nominees-winners2.
  50. ↑ "New York Film Critics Circle Awards: 1998 Awards". 1999. http://www.nyfcc.com/awards/?awardyear=1998.
  51. ↑ "101 Greatest Screenplays". Writers Guild of America, West. http://www.wga.org/writers-room/101-best-lists/101-greatest-screenplays/list. Retrieved 19 November 2016.
  52. ↑ Cox, Gordon (13 November 2013). "Disney Theatrical Gets Busy with 'Shakespeare in Love' and 'Newsies'". Variety. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
  53. ↑ Clark, Nick. "Shakespeare in Love to get West End play", 13 November 2013. Retrieved on 30 March 2015. 
  54. ↑ "Shakespeare in Love, review: 'the best British comedy since One Man, Two Guvnors'", 23 July 2014. Retrieved on 10 July 2017. 
  55. ↑ "Shakespeare in Love: Deliciously funny and absurd". 23 July 2014. https://www.independent.co.uk/arts-entertainment/theatre-dance/reviews/shakespeare-in-love-noel-coward-theatre-review-deliciously-funny-and-absurd-9623905.html. Retrieved 10 July 2017.
  56. ↑ Billington, Michael. "Shakespeare in Love review – a heady celebration of the act of theatre", 23 July 2014. Retrieved on 10 July 2017. 

External links[]

Wikiquote has quotations related to: Shakespeare in Love
v - e - dWilliam Shakespeare's Romeo and Juliet
Characters Romeo • Juliet • Mercutio • Tybalt • Benvolio • Friar Laurence • Nurse • Paris • Rosaline • Queen Mab • Atomy
Sources The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet • Pyramus and Thisbe • Palace of Pleasure • Troilus and Criseyde • Ephesiaca
Ballets Romeo and Juliet (1938, Prokofiev) • Romeo and Juliet (1962, Cranko) • Romeo and Juliet (1965, MacMillan) • Romeo and Juliet (1977, Nureyev) • Romeo and Juliet (1965, Lavery) • Radio and Juliet (2005) • Romeo + Juliet (2007, Martins) • Romeo and Juliet (2008, Pastor)
Operas Romeo und Julie (1776, Benda) • Giulietta e Romeo (1796, Zingarelli) • Giulietta e Romeo (1825, Vaccai) • I Capuleti e i Montecchi (1830, Bellini) • Gloria (1874, Cilea) • Roméo et Juliette (1867, Gounod) • A Village Romeo and Juliet (1907, Delius) • Romeo und Julia (1940, Sutermeister) • Romeo und Julia (1943, Blacher)
Musicals The Belle of Mayfair (1906) • West Side Story (1957) • Once on This Island (1990) • Roméo et Juliette, de la Haine à l'Amour (2001) • Giulietta e Romeo (2007)
Classical Beethoven's String Quartet No. 1 (c. 1800) • Roméo et Juliette (1839, Berlioz) • Romeo and Juliet (1870, Tchaikovsky)
On screen 1900 • 1908 • 1916 Metro Pictures • 1916 Fox • 1936 • 1940 • 1953 • 1954 • 1955 • 1964 • 1968 • 1978 (TV) • 1992 (TV) • 1996 • 2006 • 2013 • 2020
Film adaptations English Beneath the 12-Mile Reef (1953) • Romanoff and Juliet (1961) • West Side Story (1961) • Gonks Go Beat (1965) • Lonesome Cowboys (1968) • Romie-0 and Julie-8 (TV; 1979) • The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet (1982) • Valley Girl (1983) • Bullies (1986) • China Girl (1987) • Romeo.Juliet (1990) • Tromeo and Juliet (1996) • Love Is All There Is (1996) • Rose by Any Other Name... (1997) • The Lion King II: Simba's Pride (1998) • Shakespeare in Love (1998) • The Magical Legend of the Leprechauns (1999) • Romeo Must Die (2000) • Brooklyn Babylon (2001) • Pizza My Heart (TV; 2005) • West Bank Story (2005) • Life and Lyrics (2006) • Romeo & Juliet: Sealed with a Kiss (2006) • Rome & Jewel (2006) • David & Fatima (2008) • The Cross Road (2008) • Vicious Circle (2008) • Gnomeo & Juliet (2011) • Private Romeo (2011) • Warm Bodies (2013) • Make Your Move (2013) • Romeo & Juliet (2013) • Sherlock Gnomes (2018) • West Side Story (2020) • The JH Movie Collection Movie 4: Lost in Florida (2021; associated productions) • Untitled Romeo and Juliet sequel (2022) • Die in a Gunfight (TBA)
Hindi

Ek Duuje Ke Liye (1981) • Qayamat Se Qayamat Tak (1988) • Saudagar (1991) • Kuch Tum Kaho Kuch Hum Kahein (2002) • Bollywood Queen (2002) • Ishaqzaade (2012) • Goliyon Ki Raasleela Ram-Leela (2013) • Issaq (2013)

Telugu Maro Charitra (1978) • Akkada Ammayi Ikkada Abbayi (1996) • Kalisundam Raa (2000) • Maro Charitra (2010)
Spanish Romeo and Juliet (1940) • Los Tarantos (1963) • 30:e november (Swedish/Spanish 1995) • Amar te duele (2002)
Italian Fury of Johnny Kid (1967) • Ma che musica maestro (1971)
Portuguese Mônica e Cebolinha: No Mundo de Romeu e Julieta (1979) • O Casamento de Romeu e Julieta (2005)
Other Ambikapathy (Tamil 1937) • Les amants de Vérone (French 1949) • Ambikapathy (Tamil 1957) • Romeo, Juliet and Darkness (Czech 1960) • The Phantom Lover (Mandarin 1995) • Chicken Rice War (Cantonese/English 2000) • Ondagona Baa (Kannada 2003) • Mamay (Ukrainian 2003) • The District! (Hungarian 2004) • In Fair Palestine: A Story of Romeo and Juliet (2006) • The Bubble (Hebrew/Arabic 2006) • Priyatama (Marathi 2014) • Arshinagar (Bengali 2015) • Eeda (Malayalam 2017) • The Sea Prince and the Fire Child (Japanese 1981)
TV series Sons and Daughters (1982) • Family and Friends (1990) • Villa Quintana (1995) • Yo amo a Paquita Gallego (1998) • Skin (2003) • A Touch Away (2006) • Dangerous (2007) • Romeo × Juliet (2007) • Romeo y Julieta (2007) • Saints & Sinners (2007) • Harina de otro costal (2010) • Villa Quintana (2013) • Westside (2013 pilot) • Star-Crossed (2014) • Still Star-Crossed (2017)
Plays Romanoff and Juliet (1956) | Romeo and Juliet (2013)
Songs Lan và Điệp (1930s) • "Montagues and Capulets" (1935) • "Fever" (1956) • Love Theme from Romeo and Juliet (1968) • "(Don't Fear) The Reaper" (1976) • "Angelo" (1978) • "Romeo and Juliet" (1978) • "Romeo and Juliet" (1981) • "Cherish" (1989) • "Amor Prohibido" (1994) • "Kissing You" (1996) • "Starcrossed" (2004) • "Peut-être toi" (2006) • "Mademoiselle Juliette" (2007) • "Love Story" (2008) • "Love Me Again" • "Laal Ishq" • "Mor Bani Thanghat Kare" • "Nagada Sang Dhol" • "Ram Chahe Leela" (2013)
Albums Romeo and Juliet (1968) • Romeo + Juliet (1996) • Romeo & Julia (2006) • Tragic Lovers (2008)
Literature Les Chouans • The Wandering Jew (1844) • The Stolen Dormouse (1941) • The Faraway Lurs (1963) • Romiette and Julio (2001) • New Moon (2006) • Warm Bodies (2010)
Art Romeo and Juliet: the Tomb Scene (1790) • Romeo and Juliet (1978)
Phrases "Star-crossed" • "A rose by any other name would smell as sweet
Story within a story Nicholas Nickleby (1912 film • 1947 film • 1980 play • 2001 film • 2002 film) • The Picture of Dorian Gray (1910 film • 1913 film • 1915 film • 1916 film • 1917 film • 1918 film • 1945 film • 1976 TV special • 2009 film) • Harlequinade • W Juliet • "Nothing Broken but My Heart" • Panic Button • Bare: A Pop Opera • Bolji život • The Sky Is Everywhere • Pay as You Exit • The White Mercedes • She Died a Lady • "Moonshine River" • Rendez-vous • Fame • "I Am Unicorn" • The Frog Prince • Molly • Smart Girls Get What They Want • Tumbleweeds • "The Thief of Baghead" • The Songs of a Sentimental Bloke • Prince Charming • Km. 0 • Phileine Says Sorry • Hamateur Night • "Say You'll Be Mine" • Into the Gauntlet • Wandering Son • K-On!
Foreign stories

Adam Khan and Durkhanai • Tum Teav • Yusuf Khan and Sherbano • Solomon & Gaenor • Butterfly Lovers • Hani and Sheh Mureed • Lục Vân Tiên (film) • Teav Aek • Layla and Majnun • Lovers of Teruel (film) • Lord Saltoun and Auchanachie • Ishaqzaade

Other Such Tweet Sorrow • Romeo and Juliet effect • After Juliet • "Upper West Side Story" (2012) • Millennium Dome Show • Inge Sylten and Heinz Drosihn • Boys Don't Cry • My Wedding and Other Secrets • Donkey in Lahore • Upside Down • Letters to Juliet • Sherlock Gnomes • & Juliet • The JH Movie Collection Movie 4: Lost in Florida (2021; associated productions) • Romeo and Juliet 2 (2022)
Wikipedia book Book:Romeo and Juliet

Template:John Madden Template:Tom Stoppard

v - e - dAwards for Shakespeare in Love

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