Captain Marvel (film)

Captain Marvel is an American superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character Carol Danvers. Produced by Marvel Studios and distributed by Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures, it is the the twenty-first film in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU). The film is written and directed by Anna Boden and Ryan Fleck, with Geneva Robertson-Dworet and Jac Schaeffer also contributing to the screenplay. Brie Larson stars as Danvers, alongside Samuel L. Jackson, Ben Mendelsohn, Djimon Hounsou, Lee Pace, Lashana Lynch, Gemma Chan, Annette Bening, Clark Gregg, and Jude Law. Set in 1995, the story follows Danvers as she becomes Captain Marvel after the Earth is caught in the center of a galactic conflict between two alien worlds.

Development of the film began as early as May 2013, and was officially announced in October 2014, making it Marvel Studios' first female-led superhero film. Nicole Perlman and Meg LeFauve were hired as a writing team the following April after submitting separate takes on the character. The story borrows elements from Roy Thomas's 1971 "Kree–Skrull War" comic book storyline. Larson was announced as Danvers at the 2016 San Diego Comic-Con, with Boden and Fleck brought on board to direct in April 2017. Robertson-Dworet soon took over scripting duties, with the remainder of the cast added by the start of filming. Location shooting began in January 2018, with principal photography beginning that March in California before concluding in July 2018 in Louisiana. Jackson and Gregg—who, among others, reprise their roles from previous MCU films—were digitally de-aged in post-production to reflect the film's 1990s setting.

Captain Marvel premiered in London on February 27, 2019 and is set to be released in the United States on March 8, 2019, in IMAX and 3D.

Premise
Set in 1995, Captain Marvel follows Carol Danvers, a former U.S. Air Force fighter pilot, as she turns into one of the galaxy's mightiest heroes and joins Starforce, an elite Kree military team, before returning home with questions about her past and identity when Earth is caught in the center of a galactic conflict between two alien worlds.

Cast

 * Brie Larson as Carol Danvers / Captain Marvel:
 * Samuel L. Jackson as Nick Fury:
 * Ben Mendelsohn as Talos:
 * Djimon Hounsou as Korath:
 * Lee Pace as Ronan the Accuser:
 * Lashana Lynch as Maria Rambeau:
 * Gemma Chan as Minn-Erva:
 * Annette Bening as the Supreme Intelligence:
 * Clark Gregg as Phil Coulson:
 * Jude Law as Yon-Rogg:

Additionally, Algenis Pérez Soto and Rune Temte portray Att-Lass and Bron-Char, respectively, both members of Starforce; Att-Lass is the marksman of the team, while Bron-Char is the "bigger, stronger guy who fights with his fists". Robert Kazinsky, Vik Sahay, Colin Ford, Chuku Modu, and Kenneth Mitchell have been cast in undisclosed roles. Maria's daughter, Monica Rambeau appears, played by Akira Akbar. Danvers' comic book cat Chewie (named for the Star Wars character Chewbacca) appears in the film, renamed Goose for the Top Gun (1986) character Nick "Goose" Bradshaw, and is portrayed by four different cats, Reggie, Archie, Rizzo and Gonzo. Each cat was chosen based on their actions and personalities. Captain Marvel comic book writer Kelly Sue DeConnick has a cameo in the film, and Stan Lee, co-creator of the first Captain Marvel, appears posthumously.

Development
By May 2013, a script for a Ms. Marvel film—the moniker used by the character Carol Danvers before she takes up the mantle of Captain Marvel—had been written for Marvel Studios through its writing program. Later that year, executive producer Louis D'Esposito said the studio was interested in a female-driven superhero film and had plenty of "strong female characters" from which to choose, suggesting Captain Marvel, Black Widow, Pepper Potts, or Peggy Carter as possible candidates. Kevin Feige, President of Marvel Studios, said that if Marvel was to make a female-led film, he would prefer it to be a new character to the Marvel Cinematic Universe like Captain Marvel, for whom an origin story could be told. In August 2014, Feige stated that Black Panther and Captain Marvel were "both characters that we like, that development work has been done on and is continuing to be done on" and that the studio is often asked about it by the public, "more than Iron Man 4, more than [Avengers: Infinity War]...I think that's something that we have to pay attention to."

In October 2014, Feige announced that Captain Marvel would be released on July 6, 2018, as part of their Phase Three slate of films; it would be the studio's first female-led film. He said Captain Marvel would be based on the Carol Danvers version of the character, and that the film had been in development at the studio "almost as long" as other films like Guardians of the Galaxy (2014) or Doctor Strange (2016) with one of the main issues being "figuring out what we wanted to do with it. Her adventures are very earthbound, but her powers are based in the cosmic realm." Feige said that a writer and director would be announced "quite soon", and female filmmakers were being considered, though he could not promise that Marvel would "hire from any one demographic".

In February 2015, Marvel pushed the release date back to November 2, 2018. In early April, Feige revealed that Captain Marvel had been included in an early draft of the Avengers: Age of Ultron (2015) screenplay, but was removed as "it didn't feel like the time. We didn't want to introduce her fully formed flying in a costume before you knew who she was or how she came to be." He also said that Marvel would announce writers for the film "in the next week or two", and by mid-April, Guardians of the Galaxy co-screenwriter Nicole Perlman and Inside Out (2015) co-screenwriter Meg LeFauve were announced to be writing the screenplay. The duo were put together as a writing team after impressing Feige with separate takes on the character, and began work on the film within a month. LeFauve found the character being a female superhero to be both "wonderful" and a challenge, particularly because of how powerful the character is which could lead to the "Superman curse" of being perceived to be invulnerable.

By May, Marvel had discussions with Ava DuVernay about directing Captain Marvel or Black Panther (2018), which Feige confirmed a month later, saying that he had met with DuVernay amongst a number of other directors and expected a decision to be made by mid- to late 2015. That September, Feige said that the casting process would not begin until 2016, as "we're scripting the film, figuring out who we want Carol Danvers to be, and really what the structure of the movie will be and what her part will be in some of our other Phase 3 films." Producer Jeremy Latcham elaborated that "getting the character right first is going to lead the charge. We want to make sure we know who it is before we can start figuring out who should play it." In October 2015, Marvel changed the release date once again, moving it back to March 8, 2019.

Feige stated in April 2016 that a director would be announced "in the next month or two" and that the first cast members would be announced in mid-2016. He also mentioned that the film would be about Carol Danvers becoming Captain Marvel. The next month, indie filmmaker Emily Carmichael's name surfaced as a possible contender to direct the film, and by June, Brie Larson emerged as the frontrunner to play Captain Marvel. Larson was confirmed in the role at San Diego Comic-Con 2016, for which she was set to earn $5 million. Larson was initially hesitant to accept the role, but "couldn't deny the fact that this movie is everything I care about, everything that's progressive and important and meaningful, and a symbol I wished I would've had growing up." She was able to bring "some of those [deep emotional] things" she had used in more "dramatic roles" for the part, which she felt helped set Captain Marvel apart from other superhero films. Also at Comic-Con, Feige said the search for a director had been narrowed down to "a short list of 10", and was hoping to be able to announce the choice "by the end of the summer".

Perlman revealed in August that the character's origin story had been changed for the film due to similarities with the DC Comics character Green Lantern, with Feige feeling that the new version was "very cool and a unique way of telling" her story, centered on Danvers finding her limitations and vulnerabilities; he added that Danvers is "by far the most powerful character" in the MCU, and would be a "very important character in our universe". Producer Nate Moore later said that the film would avoid the traditional structure of many MCU origin stories, "which is you meet the character, they have a problem, they get powers at the end of the first act, and the end of the second act they learn about the powers, the third act they probably fight a villain who has a function of the same powers"; instead, Danvers starts the film having already gained her powers.

In October 2016, Feige admitted that the announcement for a director was taking longer than he previously expected, and explained that the studio was now waiting for "a little more of the story [to be] set" so they could talk to potential directors about it. Once again talking about hiring a female filmmaker to direct the film, Feige said that he did not think it would be a requirement "to make a great version of Captain Marvel, but it's something we think is important," even if that female filmmaker does not know a lot about the comics, as "they just have to fall in love with it once they are presented with it. It's amazing to see all of the filmmakers read through [the source material] and know, 'Oh, a female's writing it now'", speaking in particular to Kelly Sue DeConnick's run in the comics. Feige expected a director to be announced by the end of 2016; however, Perlman and LeFauve turned in a script treatment around December, pushing additional meetings with director candidates into early 2017.

In February 2017, Perlman stated that despite her and LeFauve being hired almost a year previously, the duo had only recently gotten their "marching orders" for the script, stating one of the reasons for the delay was figuring out where the film would fit within the MCU. Perlman also discussed the character's femininity, feeling that it was important to make sure she is not "somebody who is a hero in spite of her femininity ... being a woman is part of [her] strength." The writers were also considerate of tropes that could be diminishing to a female character but not for male characters, "things you wouldn't think twice about for Iron Man but you would think twice about for Captain Marvel."

Pre-production
Marvel hired Anna Boden and Ryan Fleck to direct Captain Marvel in April 2017, after the duo impressed the studio "time and time again" over numerous meetings with their vision for the character, and because of their experience working in both television and film. Feige said that he and Marvel were particularly impressed with Boden and Fleck's ability to create character-driven stories in all of their works, adding, "The stories they've told have been so diverse, but regardless of the subject matter, they can dive into it and hone in on that character's journey." Ultimately, Feige felt the film "needs to be about the three-dimensional, multilayered Carol Danvers character. You have to be able to track her and follow her and relate to her at all points of the movie, regardless of how many visual effects and spaceships and bad guys are filling the frame." Filming was scheduled to begin in January 2018, at Pinewood Atlanta Studios in Fayette County, Georgia, but Feige said he did not expect it to begin until February.

By July 2017, Samuel L. Jackson was set to appear in the film, reprising his role as Nick Fury. At the 2017 San Diego Comic-Con, Feige revealed that the film would take place in the 1990s and that the Skrulls would be the film's villains, allowing elements from the "Kree–Skrull War" (1971) comic book storyline to be used. By setting the film in the 1990s, Feige noted that Danvers would "be the singular hero" while still giving her a definitive placing in the MCU timeline. Executive producer Jonathan Schwartz said setting the film in the 1990s came about "very early in the development process... as a way to kind of let the character carve out her own space in the Cinematic Universe and give her a lot of thematic weight and significance to the Universe." The film would also be able to make connections to plot details to past films in the MCU set later in the timeline. Regarding the elements from the "Kree–Skrull War" used for the film, Schwartz said some paranoia elements would be featured, but would not be related to the Anti-Superhero Act as in the comics. He added that the Kree-Skrull conflict is "much more of a kind of backdrop and mythological underpinning for the movie than it is a direct lift of that plot like [Captain America: Civil War] was." In response to this announcement, Graeme McMillan of The Hollywood Reporter compared the film to Captain America: The First Avenger (2011) and the DC Extended Universe film Wonder Woman (2017), as they were also set decades before present day. By setting the film in the 1990s, McMillan felt it would create the question of "what happened to Captain Marvel to take her off the playing field ahead of the Marvel movies that we've seen to date?", and noted Danvers' story might echo the "Captain America narrative", where "a hero from the past... disappears from the world before re-emerging".

Also in July, the California Film Commission awarded a $20.7million tax credit to the production, going towards the first $100million spent on qualified in-state expenditures, making California the main filming location for Captain Marvel. D'Esposito called this "very exciting" given Marvel Studios' headquarters and post-production facilities are also in the state, allowing them to streamline the production process for this film and others. Awarding of the tax credit was dependent on filming beginning within 180 days. Marvel planned to spend $118.6 million filming in the state, for a net of $97.8 million after the tax credit was applied. Schwartz said one of the reasons Los Angeles was chosen for filming was because "not a lot of big movies shoot in LA anymore, so it weirdly feels like fresh territory for a movie like this. I think we really like the idea of shooting LA for LA, especially 90s LA for LA, which is so specific and cool."

Geneva Robertson-Dworet was hired by mid-August to take over the scripting duties for Captain Marvel after LeFauve left the project to co-direct Gigantic for Disney Animation. Perlman also left the project, but stated that the story she and LeFauve had worked on in earlier drafts would be retained in the final screenplay. Robertson-Dworet described the film as an action-comedy, and likened her script to an initial one she wrote for Tomb Raider (2018) before that film took a more dramatic tone. She added that it was important to the entire creative team to keep the comedic elements of the film and the "very funny voice" of the character, since Danvers "is one of the funniest comic book characters. She's so sassy, she's such a smartass, she won't take shit from anyone". Robertson-Dworet also credited Boden for helping to shape Danvers' voice in the film and the desire "to carve our own path and make sure we weren't retreading the same territory [after the release of Wonder Woman], and showing all facets of what women are capable of." Feige added that Captain Marvel would have "homages to our favorite '90s action films", such as the action from Terminator 2 (1991), "cool street level fights, street level car chases, and fun stuff like that", since the 1990s action genre was one Marvel Studios had yet to explore. He also stated much of the film would take place in outer space. Terminator 2, RoboCop (1987), The French Connection (1971), and The Conversation (1974) served as influences on Captain Marvel for Boden and Fleck. Speaking specifically to RoboCop, the directors were drawn to "this idea of a character who’s finding himself and finding his past" from that film and how it could connect to the story they were telling in Captain Marvel. DeConnick and quantum physicist Spyridon Michalakis, of the Institute for Quantum Information and Matter at the California Institute of Technology, consulted on the film.

By October, filming was slated to begin in March 2018. Feige said the film would be "a big part" in setting-up Avengers: Endgame which was scheduled for release after Captain Marvel. Ben Mendelsohn entered negotiations to join the film as the main villain, having previously worked with Boden and Fleck on their film Mississippi Grind (2015). They had him in mind for the Captain Marvel villain when they first began working on this film's story, and once they had met with him about the role, Mendelsohn "quickly agreed to pursue" it. By November, Jude Law was in negotiations to join the film, reportedly in the role of Walter Lawson / Mar-Vell. In January 2018, DeWanda Wise was cast as Maria Rambeau, and Mendelsohn and Law were confirmed to have been cast. Feige stated that Law was an actor Marvel had "admired for a long time and have wanted to find a role for in our movies", feeling his part in Captain Marvel was "extraordinary". For Law, he felt Marvel was "an interesting party to join in with at an interesting time in their ascendancy. That to me is an interesting playground to work in," noting Marvel's "effort [in recent years] to hire independent directors with distinct voices".

Filming
Location shooting occurred at the end of January 2018. Set photos taken at that time showed Larson in a green and black uniform instead of the character's familiar red and blue suit. Feige responded by saying that Marvel accepts the risk of set photos being leaked as a consequence of location shooting, and felt that "most people are savvy enough to know they're looking at a behind-the-scenes photo, completely out of context." He added that a large number of scenes in the film would be shot on location.

A month later, Gemma Chan joined the cast as Minn-Erva. In mid-March, Wise withdrew from the film due to a scheduling conflict with her television series She's Gotta Have It. Lashana Lynch entered into negotiations to replace Wise the next day, and was confirmed for the role by the end of the month. At that time, Djimon Hounsou, Lee Pace, and Clark Gregg were set to reprise their respective roles of Korath, Ronan the Accuser, and Phil Coulson from earlier MCU films; as those characters were all killed in their previous appearances, Richard Newby of The Hollywood Reporter described the film as a unique opportunity to "strengthen the presence of [the characters] who may not have lived up to their potential" and to allow their actors "a chance to bring more to their roles". Algenis Perez Soto, Rune Temte, and Mckenna Grace were also announced as cast, with Marvel adding that Boden and Fleck, as well as the writing team of Liz Flahive and Carly Mensch, had worked on the screenplay in addition to LeFauve, Perlman and Robertson-Dworet.

Principal photography began on March 19 in Los Angeles, at Sony Studios under the working title Open World,  with Ben Davis serving as director of photography, his fourth time doing so in the MCU after Guardians of the Galaxy, Avengers: Age of Ultron, and Doctor Strange (2016). Schwartz stated Open World was chosen as a working title because, at the point they needed to choose the title, the film felt "like an open world video game in a lot of ways. Like, it was a movie that could be a lot of different things." A carnival scene, set in 1986 and featuring Danvers and Fury, was filmed later that week at the Jim Hall Racing Club in Oxnard, California. Filming of Captain Marvel in Los Angeles, along with other big-budget films that took advantage of California's improved tax credit program, helped raise on-location feature film production in the area by 11.7% in the first quarter of 2018, compared to the same period in 2017, the first such double-figure increase since the fourth quarter of 2015. Filming at Shaver Lake outside Fresno, California was set to take place in April, but was pushed back to mid-May. In late April, Feige stated that filming was a little less than halfway completed. The following month, Annette Bening joined the cast in an undisclosed role. Additional location shooting in and around the Los Angeles area included Simi Valley, Edwards Air Force Base, and Lucerne Valley. In late June, production moved to Baton Rouge, Louisiana and New Orleans for two weeks. In addition to the previously announced writers, Bek Smith worked on production rewrites for the screenplay during filming, after spending a year in Marvel's writers program. Filming concluded on July 6.

Post-production
Additional photography was confirmed to have begun via set photos in late November 2018. With the release of the theatrical poster in early December, Marvel updated the writing credits for the film, crediting Perlman and the writing team of Joe Shrapnel and Anna Waterhouse for the film's story, with Boden, Fleck, Robertson-Dworet, and Jac Schaeffer receiving screenplay credit. Schaeffer was previously hired by Marvel, earlier in 2018, to write the screenplay for their planned film Black Widow. The poster was shortly followed by a trailer that revealed Bening's role to be that of a Kree involved in Danvers' past. Visual effects for the film were created by Animal Logic, Cantina Creative, Digital Domain, Framestore, Industrial Light & Magic, Lola VFX, Luma Pictures, RISE, Rising Sun Pictures, Scanline VFX, and Trixter, with Lola VFX working on the de-aging of Jackson and Gregg.

Music
In May 2018, Clark Gregg indicated that the film's soundtrack would include songs from the 1990s. Pinar Toprak signed on to compose the film's score the following month, making her the first woman to score an MCU film.

Marketing
In 2017, concept art from the film was shown at San Diego Comic-Con, and a first look at Larson as Danvers was revealed at CineEurope. Larson debuted the first trailer for the film that September at the National Air and Space Museum on Good Morning America. Petrana Radulovic of Polygon felt the trailer showed "large-scale action and intergalactic mayhem that reaches for Infinity War's heights", while Ben Kuchera, also of Polygon, felt opening the trailer with Blockbuster Video was "fitting" and an "anchoring shot" since its logo "remains instantly identifiable to a large audience", and pointed out that the scenes of Danvers as an Airforce pilot "appear to nod at the famously sun-drenched Top Gun" that calls back "to the golden era of films about fighter pilots." Devan Coogan of Entertainment Weekly called the trailer "a powerful introduction to the MCU's first solo female hero." Graeme McMillian of The Hollywood Reporter felt the prominent narration by Nick Fury "grounds the trailer in something—some—familiar for the Marvel faithful", but said the changes to the character's origin story were "a risky proposition" to long-time fans of the character. Richard Newby, also of The Hollywood Reporter, said the trailer establishes "Captain Marvel's tremendous power set, but also distinguish[es] her from the heroes that have come before." Newby also noted that the character's unfamiliarity to audiences was not presented as a joke as with Marvel's Guardians of the Galaxy and Ant-Man (2015), and commended cinematographer Ben Davis for making the film's identity "distinct" from, and more grounded than, the other MCU films he worked on. The trailer did receive some criticism, including that the plot presented was unclear, confusion as to why Carol punches an elderly woman, and objections to Carol not smiling much. The trailer was viewed 109 million times in its first 24 hours, becoming the 11th most viewed trailer in that time period.

The second trailer debuted on December 3, 2018, during halftime of the Monday Night Football game between the Washington Redskins and the Philadelphia Eagles. McMillian felt the trailer "seemed more than a little as if someone had been paying slightly too much attention to online criticism of the first", calling the second trailer "a curious thing to watch". He noted that the opening scenes of the trailer went out of their way to clarify the elderly lady Carol punches was a Skrull, and made sure to linger long enough on a certain line to show Larson smile. While he was unsure if these moments were a response to the criticism, "the rest of the trailer feels like a do-over of the first, with additional emphasis on both explaining the plot and establishing Carol Danvers as a character." McMillian also compared the contents and structure of the two Captain Marvel trailers to those for Thor (2011) and Captain America: The First Avenger. Newby felt the second trailer "offers increased action and a more in-depth look at the mythology surrounding" Captain Marvel, but criticized it for not helping to introduce the film's supporting characters. Ultimately, Newby said, "Captain Marvel looks like Boden and Fleck's superhero interpretation of John Carpenter's Starman (1984). Explosions, space battles, and superpowers may bring in the crowds, but it[']s moments [of] humanity and introspection that will allow Captain Marvel to leave her mark and encourage audiences to care about the mystery surrounding who she is." On December 8, 2018, Larson participated in a panel at CCXP in Brazil, where she shared footage and an extended trailer from the film and presented an exclusive poster for the event. By January 3, 2019, BoxOffice revealed their "Trailer Impact" metric service indicated approximately 66-70% of people surveyed who viewed the Captain Marvel trailer in the past two weeks expressed interest in seeing the film. In the two weeks it was measured by "Trailer Impact", it was number two for both, behind Avengers: Endgame, and had some of the highest percentage of respondents express interest in seeing the film ever for the service. "Trailer Impact" usually includes films 10 weeks out from release on their surveys, but BoxOffice decided to add Captain Marvel to the survey 12 weeks out.

In January 2019, the crowdfunding platform GoFundMe announced it would be starting the #CaptainMarvelChallenge, a campaign to purchase tickets and refreshments for girls and chaperones at the Greater Los Angeles chapter of Girls, Inc. The campaign, inspired by the success of the #BlackPantherChallenge which raised more than $50,000 for children to watch Black Panther, came after Brie Larson suggested on Twitter that there should be a similar campaign for Captain Marvel. For the film's press tour, Larson noted she would be "pushing for representation across the board: my interviews, magazine covers, the clothes that I'm wearing" as part of her support for inclusiveness and opposition to sexual harassment in Hollywood.

In February 2019, a commercial for the film aired during the television broadcast of Super Bowl LIII. Bruce Fretts of The New York Times listed the commercial as one of the best advertisements to air during the telecast stating, "The commercial introduces a new catchphrase — 'higher, further, faster' — and lives up to it with a lightning-quick montage that sets pulses racing." CBS charged $5.25 million for each 30 second advertisement that aired during the game, setting a record, up from $5.2 million in 2018. Also in February, Alaska Airlines unveiled a Captain Marvel-themed Boeing 737-800 jet. The plane features the film's logo on the side, as well as images of Goose, a cat from the film, on the plane's wings. The plane made its debut at the Seattle–Tacoma International Airport before its first flight to Orange County, California.

Theatrical
Captain Marvel made its world premiere in London on February 27, 2019, and is scheduled to premiere in Hollywood on March 4, 2019. It is set to be released in IMAX and 3D, in the United States on March 8, 2019, which coincides with International Women's Day. It was originally scheduled for release on July 6, 2018, before moving in February 2015 to November 2, 2018. In October 2015, it moved again to accommodate Ant-Man and the Wasp.

Home media
Captain Marvel will be the first Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures-distributed film not to stream on Netflix, after Disney decided to let their licensing deal with Netflix expire, and is intended to be the first theatrical Disney release to stream exclusively on Disney+.

Reception
In late December 2018, the film was named as the most anticipated 2019 film by IMDb, the most anticipated new standalone comic book film and the second-most anticipated blockbuster of 2019 according to the ticketing service Fandango, and the second-most anticipated superhero and overall film by Atom Tickets. The film's first 24 hours of advance ticket sales, which began on January 7, 2019, ranked third on Fandango for an MCU film, behind Avengers: Infinity War and Black Panther, and second on Atom Tickets, behind Infinity War. Three weeks prior to its release, official tracking had the film debuting to around $100 million, however according to Deadline Hollywood, insiders said the projection was "give or take $20 million" due to the strength of the Marvel brand but the inaccuracy of recent box office estimates. According to Fandango, Captain Marvel has amassed the third largest advanced ticket sales of any MCU film, behind Avengers: Infinity War and Black Panther, and has surpassed Wonder Woman and Aquaman during the same time period.

Ahead of the film's release, Captain Marvel's "Want to See" score, an audience anticipation poll on the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, had fallen to 28%. News sources described the decline as an effort to review bomb the film's page with negative comments attacking the film and its star, Larson, for their perceived activism. In response, Rotten Tomatoes removed the "Want to See" feature as part of a larger re-design of the site.